2026-10-27 · 新浪财经要闻 · 中文来源
外媒称欧盟计划减少从中国进口相关产品，外交部回应
可以写进 IB、A-Level、AP、IGCSE 经济学论文的真实新闻案例：关税与贸易保护、国际收支与经常账户、汇率
发生了什么
有外媒报道欧盟计划减少从中国进口相关产品，中国外交部发言人郭嘉昆在例行记者会上对此作出回应。
经济学角度
欧盟限制从中国进口，属于贸易保护主义措施：进口壁垒会抬高进口商品价格、压低进口量，保护本地生产商，但消费者可能面临更高价格和更少选择。从国际收支角度看，减少进口会改变经常账户的贸易差额，也可能引发贸易伙伴的反制。
评估角度
保护主义在短期内可能帮助受保护行业，但长期会削弱竞争与效率，并可能招致对方报复，使双方贸易和消费者福利都受损；具体影响还取决于措施的形式和规模，而报道未说明细节。
练习题
结合材料，分析欧盟减少从中国进口产品可能对欧盟消费者、本地生产商及中欧贸易收支产生的影响。
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对应考纲
- 关税与贸易保护：用关税、配额等限制进口以保护本国产业，代价是更高的价格和可能的报复。
- 国际收支与经常账户：一国与世界其他地区的交易记录，包括贸易差额和资本流动。
- 汇率：一种货币兑换另一种货币的价格；升值或贬值会影响出口、进口和通胀。
English version
What happened
Foreign media reported that the EU plans to reduce imports of certain products from China, and Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun responded at a regular press briefing.
The economics
EU restrictions on imports from China are a form of trade protectionism: import barriers tend to raise import prices and reduce import volumes, shielding domestic producers while consumers may face higher prices and fewer choices. From a balance-of-payments view, lower imports change the current-account trade balance and may invite retaliation from the trading partner.
Evaluation
Protectionism may help protected industries in the short run, but over time it weakens competition and efficiency and can trigger retaliation, harming trade and consumer welfare on both sides; the actual effect depends on the form and scale of the measures, which the report does not specify.
Practice question
Using the material, analyse the likely effects of the EU reducing imports from China on EU consumers, domestic producers and the EU-China trade balance.